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Catalog Turkey

Orden des Staates der Republik Türkei/Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Nişanı/Order of the State of Republic of Turkey
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Verfassungsgericht der Republik Türkei/Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasa Mahkemesi/Constitutional Court of Turkey
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Zentralbank der Republik Türkei/Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası/Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey

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Republik Türkei/Türkiye Cumhuriyeti/Republic of Turkey
Amtssprache Türkisch Hauptstadt Ankara Fläche 783.562 km² davon in Europa 23.764 km² Einwohnerzahl 84.680 Mio. Währung Türkische Lira (TRY) Gründung 29. Oktober 1923 National­hymne İstiklâl Marşı Nationalfeiertag 29. Oktober Kfz-Kennzeichen TR ISO 3166 TR, TUR, 792 Internet-TLD .tr Telefonvorwahl +90

Die Türkei (amtlich Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (T.C.), deutsch Republik Türkei) ist ein Einheitsstaat im vorderasiatischen Anatolien und südosteuropäischen Ostthrakien. Das Land ist seit seiner Gründung im Jahr 1923 als Nachfolgestaat des Osmanischen Reiches laizistisch und kemalistisch ausgerichtet. Der Staatsgründer Mustafa Kemal Atatürk leitete eine Modernisierung der Türkei durch gesellschaftliche und rechtliche Reformen nach dem Vorbild verschiedener europäischer Nationalstaaten ein. Der türkische Staat wird planmäßig bis zu den Wahlen im November des Jahres 2019 als parlamentarische Republik organisiert sein. Danach wird das Regierungssystem zu einem Präsidialsystem geändert. Nach einem Putschversuch im Juli 2016 haben die türkische Regierung und der Staatspräsident Erdoğan den Ausnahmezustand verhängt.

Geographisch wird das Land meist in sieben Regionen mit abweichendem Klima aufgeteilt. Die Türkei hat gut 78,7 Millionen Einwohner (2015) auf einer Fläche von 783.562 km². Im Ballungsraum von Istanbul lebt knapp ein Fünftel der türkischen Bevölkerung, daneben gibt es weitere Millionenstädte wie die Hauptstadt Ankara, Izmir, Bursa, Adana, Gaziantep, Konya, Antalya und Diyarbakır. Der Grad der Urbanisierung lag 2015 bei etwa 73 Prozent.[6] In der Türkei gibt es 16 UNESCO-Welterbestätten und zahlreiche Naturschutzgebiete.

土耳其共和国(土耳其文:Türkiye Cumhuriyeti,英语:The Republic of Turkey),简称土耳其,是一个横跨欧亚两洲的国家,北临黑海,南临地中海,东南与叙利亚伊拉克接壤,西临爱琴海,并与希腊以及保加利亚接壤,东部与格鲁吉亚亚美尼亚阿塞拜疆和伊朗接壤。土耳其地理位置和地缘政治战略意义极为重要,是连接欧亚的十字路口。
土耳其人是属于欧洲人种的地中海原住民的后裔,奥斯曼一世在1299年建立奥斯曼帝国。到1453年5月29日,穆罕默德二世攻陷君士坦丁堡,灭拜占庭帝国,至16世纪和17世纪,尤其是苏莱曼一世时期达到鼎盛,统治区域地跨欧、亚、非三大洲。故奥斯曼帝国的君主苏丹视自己为天下之主,土耳其继承了东罗马帝国的文化和伊斯兰文化,因而东西文明在其得以统合。19世纪时国力开始衰落,1914年8月奥斯曼帝国在第一次世界大战中加入同盟国作战,并于1918年战败。丧失了大片领土,帝国从此土崩瓦解。1919年,土耳其击退外国侵略者,1923年10月29日建立土耳其共和国。
土耳其地跨亚、欧两大洲  ,在政治、经济、文化等领域均实行欧洲模式,是欧盟的候选国。宪法规定土耳其为民主、政教分离和实行法制的国家。 土耳其外交重心在西方,在与美国保持传统战略伙伴关系的同时加强与欧洲国家的关系。
土耳其是北约成员国,又为经济合作与发展组织创始会员国及二十国集团的成员。拥有雄厚的工业基础,为世界新兴经济体之一,亦是全球发展最快的国家之一。
土耳其共和国土耳其语Türkiye Cumhuriyeti)通称土耳其土耳其语Türkiye),是横跨的国家,其国土包括西亚安纳托利亚半岛、以及巴尔干半岛的东色雷斯地区。北临黑海,南临地中海,东南与叙利亚伊拉克接壤,西临爱琴海,并与希腊以及保加利亚接壤,东部与格鲁吉亚亚美尼亚阿塞拜疆伊朗接壤。在安纳托利亚半岛和东色雷斯地区之间的,是博斯普鲁斯海峡马尔马拉海达达尼尔海峡,属黑海海峡,别称土耳其海峡,是连接黑海以及地中海的唯一航道。虽然伊斯坦布尔是最大城市,但其首都是位处安纳托利亚高原正中央的安卡拉

 

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TRT World

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Wappen der Türkei

 


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Busworld Turkey
 
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Türkische Nationalhymne
İstiklâl Marşı Text Mehmet Âkif Ersoy Melodie Osman Zeki Üngör Edgar Manas

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Türkische Fußballnationalmannschaft/Turkey national football team/Türkiye Millî Futbol Takımı
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Turkish Airlines
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Turkish Aerospace Industries/Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayi A.Ş./Turkish Aerospace Industries

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Skigebiet Türkei

Uludag

Bursa province

This ski center 36 km south of Bursa and 150 km from Istanbul is accessible along a good asphalt road or by cable-car. The ski area lies between 1800-2500 meters and the best season is from December to April. A wide range of accommodation is available in hotels, family chalets and apres ski facilities. At the resort there are chair-lifts, ski-lifts, slalom and giant slalom courses, beginner's slopes, ice skating, and a small hospital. The total lenght of ski tracks is about 20 km, and the longest one is about 2,000 meters. Skis, equipment, and instructors are available for hire. Total bed capacity is over 4,500.

Kartepe

Kocaeli province

One of the newest ski resorts of Turkey, located near Kocaeli province and at about 115 km east of Istanbul. There are several chair lifts, ski lifts, cable car, and a 5 stars hotel at the resort with 800 beds capacity. The ski tracks ranges between 400 - 3500 meters in length. Skis, equipment, and instructors are available for hire. The best season for skiing at Kartepe is from December to April.

Kartalkaya

Bolu province

This resort situated on the Istanbul - Ankara highway 50 km from Bolu. It's surrounded by pinewoods and the ski area lies between 1500-2200 meters of altitude. Hotels have a total capacity of 1250 beds at the moment and with new investments it will be taken up to 3500 beds in the near future. There is a swimming pool, ski-lift and equipment for hire, and ski instructors are available.

Saklikent

Antalya province

Situated on the north-east of Bakirli dagi on the Beydag mountain range, 50 km north west of Antalya, at a height of 2000 meters. Accommodation is available in guest house and chalets and there are restaurants, shops and a supermarket. The best season is from January to April. The special attraction of this centre is that in March and April one can ski in the mornings, then drive down to the coast and swim in the warm waters of the Mediterranean in the afternoons.

Palandöken

Erzurum province

This center is 6 km from Erzurum, lying at an altitude of 2200 to 3100 meters with some of the longest and most difficult courses and best snow conditions in Turkey, making it an ideal location for international ski competitions. In February 2011 the Winter Universiade Games (Olympic games for university students) was organized in Palandoken. Accommodation is available at several ski lodges and hotels with a total capacity of 2100 beds, which will reach at 8850 beds in the future. Restaurants, chair-lifts and ski instructors and equipment for hire are available at the resort. Lately several big hotels are built in the area and there are also a number of hotels in Erzurum city. December to April is the most suitable season for skiing at Palandoken. The longest ski track is about 12 km and the total length of all tracks is about 28 km.

Bolkar

Erzincan province

Situated at 40 kilometers to Erzincan city center, there is a 1100 meters long and 200 meters wide medium-hard track, with a 1200 people per hour capacity teleski and a baby-lift. Best season is between December and April. Mountaineering is also possible here.

Ergan

Erzincan province

Situated at a distance of 25 kilometers from Erzincan airport and located at about 3,250 meters on Munzir mountains, Ergan will be a new ski resort for this area. The works are still going on and when they're completed it will have modern lifts and slopes as well as accommodation facilities.

Sarikamis

Kars province

Situated near Kars at 2250 meters and 50 km to the airport, this ski center has very good courses located between 2200-2900 meters of altitude and ideal snow conditions. One can stay in the town itself or at the 60 bed capacity centrally heated ski lodge with ski-lift. Ski instructors are available. Best season for skiing is December to April. The area is also noted for its hunting.

Bubi

Agri province

It is 18 km to Agri city center but it isn't developed much as a big resort yet. Its season is between December and April and it gets approximately 1-2 meters of snow. There is a 1227 meters long teleski with a capacity of 600 persons per hour. Another skiing area is 4 km to Eleskirt district with 1650 meters long and 1000 people per hour capacity detachable chair telesiege. Skiing track is 1200 meters long and 250 meters wide.

Erciyes

Kayseri province

This ski centre lies at 2150 meters on the eastern face of Erciyes Dagi, Tekir Yaylasi (plateau), 25 km from Kayseri. The season is from November to May and there are good ski slopes, a ski-lift and baby-lift, ski instructors and equipment are available. Mountaineering is also possible here. At the moment the resort have a total of 510 bed capacity but with new investments it's targeted to reach 5000 beds in the future.

Elmadag

Ankara province

This is a lovely place to relax, 23 km out of Ankara, to get fresh air and to dine far away from the chaos and air pollution of the city. There is a 10 room (33 beds) hotel, chalets (130 beds), a pleasantly decorated a-la-carte restaurant, a snack bar, discotheque, and parking. Best season is between January and March. Skiing track is 900 meters long and 250 meters wide, with a 548 meters long teleski having a capacity of 720 people per hour.

Ilgaz

Kastamonu and Cankiri provinces

llgaz Mountain is situated between Kastamonu and Cankiri provinces, at the junction of the Istanbul - Kastamonu and Ankara - Kastamonu roads. It's 210 km to Ankara and 460 km to Istanbul. In the Ilgaz National Park amidst beautiful woodlands the slopes lie at 1820-2000 meters. There are picnic facilities, chalets (50 beds) and good hunting in the area. The actual total capacity of the beds is 920, with new investments it will be taken up to 1300 beds.

Kurucadag

Bingöl province

Situated at Yolcati district of Bingöl, is a small skiing area approximately 25 km to the city center. The season is between February and March where skiers stay in mountain chalet's. On 1000 meters long skiing track there is a 925 meters long telesiege with a capacity of 500 people per hour. It's easily reachable by road with buses as well.

Zigana

Gümüshane province

This center is 30 km from Gumushane, and lies at an altitude of 1870 meters above a pine forested valley. There is a ski-lift, cafeteria and a restaurant. Actual bed capacity is only 40 but it's planned to reach 470 beds in the future. The season is from December to the end of April.

Davraz

Isparta province

This center is about 20 km from Isparta and lies at an altitude of 1650 meters. The total bed capacity in the accommodation facilities is about 460 but soon with new investments it will reach about 1600 beds. There are several ski tracks ranging between 1650-2250 meters of altitude, ski lifts and chair lifts. The season is from December to the end of April. Mountaineering and trekking is also possible at Davraz.

Other ski resorts

There are many other smaller skiing areas in Turkey such as Hasandagi in Aksaray, Kop mountain in Bayburt, Akdag in Ladik - Samsun, and Yildiztepe at Kadincayiri in Cankiri - Ilgaz. Future plans are to develop these resorts as well as adding new skiing resorts in other areas of Turkey. The total bed capacity at various Turkish ski resorts was around 9,500 beds by the end of 2015, but with investments in the future and govenment plans it's estimated to reach 78,000 beds soon. (Quelle:https://www.allaboutturkey.com/ski.html)

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