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Catalog Climate

Temperaturunterschied (m) 温差
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Temperaturwechsel (m) 温度变化
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Tiefdruckgebiet (n) [气]低(气)压区
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龙卷风/Wirbelsturm
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温室效应

http://www.wdr.de/bilder/mediendb/Fotostrecken/wdrde/Wissen/2009/07/klimawandel_fakten_zahlen/treibhauseffekt_m.jpg

何谓‘温室效应’

‘温室效应’是指地球大气层上的一种物理特性。假若没有大气层,地球表面的平均温度不会是现在 合宜的15℃,而是十分低的-18℃。这温度上的差别是由于一类名为温室气体所引致,这些气体吸收红外线辐射而影响到地球整 体的能量平衡。在现况中,地面和大气层在整体上吸收太阳辐射后能平衡于释放红外线辐射到太空外(图一)。但受到温室气体的 影响,大气层吸收红外线辐射的份量多过它释放出到太空外,这使地球表面温度上升,此过程可称为‘天然的温室效应’。但由 于人类活动释放出大量的温室气体,结果让更多红外线辐射被折返到地面上,加强了‘温室效应’的作用。

图一简略地说明地球大气层的长期辐射平衡情况。太阳总辐射量(240瓦每平 方米)和红外线的释放量应要均等。其中约三分之一(103瓦每平方米)的太阳辐射会被反射而余下的会被地球表面所吸收。此外,大气 层的温室气体和云团吸收及再次释放出红外线辐射,使到地面更暖,高出约33℃。

(Quelle: gb.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/greenhs/c_grnhse.htm) 
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温室气体
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温室效应
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溫室气体排放
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干燥气候
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Trockengrenze (f) [气]干界
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Trockenzeit (f) 旱季,旱期
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Pl.热带
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