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When analyzing the effects of preferential tariffs on trade flows you will need to be careful with assumptions about which tariff rate is actually applied to a particular import. The importing country will apply the MFN tariff if the product fails to meet the country's rules that determine the product's country of origin. For example, some former European colonies find it easier to satisfy the rules of origin under the Cotonou Agreement rather than the Everything But Arms (EBA) program, even where preferential tariffs are lower under the EBA.
WITS uses the concept of effectively applied tariff which is defined as the lowest available tariff. If a preferential tariff exists, it will be used as the effectively applied tariff. Otherwise, the MFN applied tariff will be used.

Die Unicredit S.p.A. (Eigenschreibweise UniCredit) ist eine italienische Holding von Finanzdienstleistungs-Unternehmen mit Sitz in Mailand.Wichtigstes Aktionsfeld ist neben Italien insbesondere Mittel- und Osteuropa, wo in mehreren Ländern Tochtergesellschaften der Gruppe Marktführer sind.

楚金币是一种称量货币,使用时根据需要将金版或金饼切割成零星小块,然后通过特定的等臂天平称量再行交换。整版的“郢爰”每件约重250至260克,正面都刻有排列整齐的“郢爰”印记。楚国能在中国最早利用黄金作货币,是因为楚地拥有丰富的黄金资源。出土实物楚金币的含金量多少不一,一般都在94-98%之间,少量的仅为85%左右。










































