Split [ʃplit] (kroatisch Split, italienisch Spalato, entstanden aus griechisch ἀσπάλαθος, aspálathos) ist die zweitgrößte Stadt Kroatiens. Sie ist die größte Stadt Südkroatiens und gilt daher im Volksmund als „Hauptstadt Dalmatiens“, ohne dass ihr dieser Status je offiziell zugesprochen wurde. Die Stadt ist Verwaltungssitz der Gespanschaft Split-Dalmatien (kroatisch Splitsko-dalmatinska županija), die den mittleren Teil Dalmatiens umfasst. Split zählte 2011 etwa 167.000 Einwohner.^[2]

Split ist eine bedeutende Hafenstadt und Sitz der katholischen Erzdiözese Split-Makarska. In Split befindet sich zudem eine Universität. Die Ursprünge der Stadt sind auf den Diokletianspalast zurückzuführen. Die Innenstadt von Split mitsamt dem Diokletianspalast wurde 1979 von der UNESCO zum Weltkulturerbe erklärt.

Split (Croatian pronunciation: [splît] ( listen); see other names) is the second-largest city of Croatia and the largest city of the region of Dalmatia, with about 200,000 people living in its urban area. It lies on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea and is spread over a central peninsula and its surroundings. An intraregional transport hub and popular tourist destination, the city is linked to the Adriatic islands and the Apennine peninsula.

Home to Diocletian's Palace, built for the Roman emperor in 305 CE, the city was founded as the Greek colony of Aspálathos (Aσπάλαθος) in the 3rd or 2nd century BC. It became a prominent settlement around 650 CE when it succeeded the ancient capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia, Salona. After the Sack of Salona by the Avars and Slavs, the fortified Palace of Diocletian was settled by the Roman refugees. Split became a Byzantine city, to later gradually drift into the sphere of the Republic of Venice and the Kingdom of Croatia, with the Byzantines retaining nominal suzerainty. For much of the High and Late Middle Ages, Split enjoyed autonomy as a free city, caught in the middle of a struggle between Venice and the King of Hungary for control over the Dalmatian cities.

Venice eventually prevailed and during the early modern period Split remained a Venetian city, a heavily fortified outpost surrounded by Ottoman territory. Its hinterland was won from the Ottomans in the Morean War of 1699, and in 1797, as Venice fell to Napoleon, the Treaty of Campo Formio rendered the city to the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1805, the Peace of Pressburg added it to the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy and in 1806 it was included in the French Empire, becoming part of the Illyrian Provinces in 1809. After being occupied in 1813, it was eventually granted to the Austrian Empire following the Congress of Vienna, where the city remained a part of the Austrian Kingdom of Dalmatia until the fall of Austria-Hungary in 1918 and the formation of Yugoslavia. In World War II, the city was annexed by Italy, then liberated by the Partisans after the Italian capitulation in 1943. It was then re-occupied by Germany, which granted it to its puppet Independent State of Croatia. The city was liberated again by the Partisans in 1944, and was included in the post-war Socialist Yugoslavia, as part of its republic of Croatia. In 1991, Croatia seceded from Yugoslavia amid the Croatian War of Independence.

Split (grec ancien : Ασπάλαθος, Aspálathos, latin : Spalatum, italien : Spalato) est la deuxième ville la plus peuplée de Croatie et le siège du Comitat de Split-Dalmatie. Au recensement de 2011, le comitat comptait 454 798 habitants⁵, la municipalité 178 102 habitants⁶, dont 96,23 % de Croates⁷ et la ville seule comptait 167 121 habitants².

La ville de Split s'est établie à l'intérieur, puis autour de l'immense palais de l'empereur romain Dioclétien, construit entre 294 et 305, qui s'étendait sur une surface de 39 000 m². L'empereur était originaire de la ville de Salone (située sur les hauteurs de Split). En 1420, Split fut intégrée dans la République de Venise, jusqu'à sa disparition en 1797. La ville est aujourd'hui inscrite sur la liste du patrimoine mondial par l'UNESCO.

C'est un grand port, industriel et touristique de la côte dalmate.

Spalato (Spàlato; in croato Split; in dalmatico Spalatro; in greco antico Ασπάλαθος, Aspálathos) è una città della Croazia, capoluogo della regione spalatino-dalmata, principale centro della Dalmazia e, con i suoi 178.192 abitanti (2011), seconda città del Paese. Spalato è anche sede universitaria e arcivescovile.

Il nome della città deriva dalla ginestra spinosa, arbusto molto comune nella regione, che in greco antico era denominato Aspálathos (Aσπάλαθος). Sotto l'Impero romano la città si chiamò "Spalatum" e nel Medioevo "Spalatro" in lingua dalmatica. In lingua croata viene denominata "Split" mentre in italiano "Spalato". Nei primi anni del XIX secolo il nome divenne "Spljet" per poi tornare di nuovo alla forma "Split".

Split ( [splît] (?·i), en griego antiguo, Ασπάλαθος, Aspálathos; en latín, Spalatum) es una ciudad situada al sur de Croacia, puerto marítimo de la costa dálmata, en el mar Adriático. Cuenta con 221 456 habitantes, según el censo de 2007.

Es la principal ciudad de la región de Dalmacia, la capital del condado de Split-Dalmacia y la segunda ciudad más populosa del país, después de Zagreb, de la que dista 380 km. Es un importante puerto pesquero y base naval del Adriático, así como un centro cultural y turístico importante; la ciudad antigua es una joya arquitectónica, declarada Patrimonio de la Humanidad en 1979. En su entorno existen astilleros, fábricas de cemento y de plástico, industrias madereras, vitivinícolas y de la alimentación.