Deutsch-Chinesische Enzyklopädie, 德汉百科
Geography
Mountains in Asia
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天山山脈 天山山脉
天山,世界七大山系之一,位于欧亚大陆腹地,东西横跨中国、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦四国,全长约2500千米,南北平均宽250—350千米,最宽处达800千米以上,是世界上最大的独立纬向山系,也是世界上距离海洋最远的山系和全球干旱地区最大的山系。 天山呈东西走向,绵延中国境内1700千米,占地57万多平方千米,占新疆全区面积约1/3。中国境内的天山山脉把新疆大致分成两部分:南边是塔里木盆地,北边是准噶尔盆地。托木尔峰是天山山脉的最高峰,海拔7443.8米。锡尔河、楚河和伊犁河都发源于天山。中国境内天山山脉由三列平行的褶皱山脉组成,山势西高东低,山体宽广。天山北脉有阿拉套山、科古琴山、博罗科努山、博格达山等;天山中脉(主干)有阿拉喀尔山、那拉提山、艾尔温根山、霍拉山等;天山南脉有科克沙尔山、哈尔克山、贴尔斯克山、喀拉铁克山等。